Cause Of Kidney Stones

 Cause of Kidney Stones

What Is a kidney stone?

Kidney stones form when your urine contains a high concentration of minerals and other substances, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, which combine to form crystals. Crystals combine to form one or more stones. Stones form when your urine lacks enough fluid and other substances to prevent them from forming.

A kidney stone can be as small as a grain of sand and pass through your body without your knowledge. A larger one, on the other hand, can obstruct your urine flow and cause severe pain. Some claim the pain is worse than childbirth.

 Types of Kidney Stones

1.                 Oxalate of calcium.

 Oxalate is a substance that your liver produces on a daily basis. It is abundant in some fruits and vegetables, as well as nuts and chocolate. When you eat these foods, your body absorbs the substance. Taking high doses of vitamin D, intestinal bypass surgery, and certain metabolic disorders can all cause an increase in the concentration of calcium or oxalate in your urine. A popular combination of food for calcium oxalate is potato and calcium-rich foods like fish according to the inorganic chemistry compositions of both these foods may cause the gain of calcium oxalate as a deposit.

2.                 Struvite Stones

These can develop as a result of a urinary tract infection (UTI). The bacteria that cause the infection produce ammonia in your urine. This results in the formation of the stones. The stones can grow to be quite large very quickly.

 3.                 Phosphate of calcium.

This type of stone occurs more frequently in people with metabolic conditions such as renal tubular acidosis (in which your kidneys are unable to maintain proper acid balance in your blood) or in people who take medications to treat migraines or seizures.

 4.                 Uric acid crystals

These develop in people who have chronic diarrhoea or malabsorption, eat a high-protein diet, or have diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Certain genetic factors may also increase your chances of developing uric acid stones.

Causes 

Lack of Water to Body

You must produce enough pee to dilute the substances that can turn into stones. If you don't drink enough water or sweat excessively, your pee may appear dark. It should be clear or pale yellow.

If you've previously had a stone, you should make about 8 cups of urine per day. Because you lose fluids through sweat and breathing, aim to drink about 10 cups of water per day. Replace a glass of water with a citrus drink. The citrate in lemonade or orange juice can prevent the formation of stones.

 Meals

The most common type of kidney stone occurs when calcium and oxalate combine in the urine produced by your kidneys. Oxalate is a chemical found in a variety of healthy foods and vegetables. If you've previously had this type of stone, your doctor may advise you to limit high-oxalate foods. Here are some examples:

·        Tomato

·        Spinach

·        Rhubarb

·        Grits

·        Bran cereal

When you consume calcium-rich foods (such as milk and cheese) alongside oxalate-containing foods, your body is better able to handle the oxalate. This is because the two bind in the gut rather than the kidneys, where a stone can form

According to the American Urological Association, people who are prone to kidney stones should drink enough fluid to produce 2.5 litres (l), or about 85 ounces (oz), of urine per day. This equates to approximately 3 litres (100 oz) of fluid consumed per day. Not everything has to come from water.

These Are some other causes

·        health conditions that affect how the body absorbs calcium, such as inflammatory bowel disease and chronic diarrhoea

·        pregnancy

·        high blood pressure

·        obesity

·        diabetes

·        a family or personal history of kidney stones

·        a diet that is high in protein and sodium

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